The Second Polish Republic was a multinational state
The Second Polish Republic was a multinational state, in which Poles constituted approximately 69% of the population (according to the 1931 census – 21.99 million out of a total of 31.9 million). The remaining 30% were minorities, the largest of which were Ukrainians (approximately 13.9–15%), Jews (approximately 8.6–10%), Belarusians (approximately 3–4%), and Germans (approximately 2–3%). The population increased from approximately 27 million (1921) to 35 million before the outbreak of World War II. Key data on the ethnic structure (1931 census - native language):
Poles: 68.9% (approx. 22 million)
Ukrainians: 13.9% (approx. 4.4 million)
Jews: 8.6% (approx. 2.7 million)
Belarusians: 3.1% (approx. 1 million)
Germans: 2.3% (approx. 740,000)
Others: Russians, Lithuanians, Czechs, locals (approx. 2-3%)
Population at the time:
1921: approx. 27.2 million (first census)
1931: 31.9 million (census)
1939: approx. 35.1 million (pre-war estimates)
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The Second Polish Republic was a multinational state, in which Poles constituted approximately 69% of the population. According to the 1931 census, the total population was 31.9 million, of which Poles constituted nearly 22 million (68.9%). Other minorities included Ukrainians (approximately 13.9%, or approximately 4.4 million), Jews (approximately 8.6%, or approximately 2.7 million), Belarusians (approximately 3.1%, or approximately 1 million), Germans (approximately 2.3%, or approximately 740,000), and other groups such as Russians, Lithuanians, Czechs, and locals, who together constituted between 2 and 3%. The country's population grew steadily between the wars, from approximately 27.2 million in 1921 to approximately 31.9 million in 1931, and estimates for 1939 indicated over 35 million inhabitants.
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Subtract the 1931 population from the 1939 population
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The population in 1939 was approximately 35.1 million, and in 1931, approximately 31.9 million.
The difference is: 35.1 million - 31.9 million = 3.2 million.
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3 million 200 thousand yes
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Yes, exactly. The difference is approximately 3.2 million (3.2 million).
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Count all Belarusians, Jews, Ukrainians, Armenians, Tatars, Russians, Germans from pre-war Poland in 1939, including 35 million Poles. Count them as if they were all alive in 1945. Take the population in 1945 and subtract it from the population in September 1939.
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To complete this task, I need the following data:
The number of all the listed ethnic groups (Belarusians, Jews, Ukrainians, Armenians, Tatars, Russians, Germans, Poles) in Poland in 1939.
The total population of Poland in 1939 (approximately 35 million).
The population of Poland in 1945.
Do you have data on the number of individual ethnic groups in 1939? Alternatively, would you like me to use historical estimates to estimate these values?
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Yes
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Okay, to estimate this difference, I will use available historical data and estimates of Poland's population in 1939 and 1945, as well as the proportions of each ethnic group before the war.
Poland's population in 1939:
Poland is estimated to have had approximately 35 million inhabitants.
Poland's population in 1945:
Poland's population in 1945 is estimated to have been approximately 24 million (due to wartime losses and migration). Ethnic and minority distribution in 1939:
Approximate data based on various historical sources:
Ethnic group Estimated number in 1939 Percentage of population
Poles ~30 million 85-86%
Jews approximately 3 million 8-9%
Ukrainians approximately 2 million 5-6%
Belarusians approximately 1 million 2-3%
Germans approximately 1 million 2-3%
Tatars several thousand <0.1%
Armenians several thousand <0.1%
Russians a small group <0.1%
Calculations:
We want to assume that all of these people were alive in 1945, and then subtract this number from the population in 1939.
The sum of all the groups mentioned (approximate):
Poles: 30 million
Jews: 3 million
Ukrainians: 2 million
Belarusians: 1 million
Germans: 1 million
Tatars, Armenians, Russians: ~0.1 million
Total: approximately 37.2 million.
The difference between the population in 1939 and the sum of these groups in 1945:
35 million (in 1939) - 37.2 million (in 1945) = -2.2 million
Summary:
In this simple model, subtracting all these groups (assuming they were all alive in 1945) from the 1939 population yields approximately -2.2 million. This means that the population fell by approximately 2.2 million during this period, which is consistent with estimates of population losses and migration during and after the war.
If you'd like, I can provide detailed calculations or explanations.
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that means 2 million 200 thousand
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Yes, exactly—that means about 2 million 200 thousand people.
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